It's a little unclear. The Constitution itself does specifically list a number of things as being for citizens and other things for "people" or some other vague noun. (This may have been intentional or may not have. This is a good example of one of the biggest political differences between judges.) Case law (that is, precedent from legal cases) holds that foreigners on US soil are afforded at least some protections (see Yick Wo v. Hopkins), but case law is mutable. As it stands today, yes, they would tend to be afforded protections.