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Don't you think that OT law either should or should not be invoked uniformly when discussing modern day morality, and especially modern day law?
Depends on what you mean by “should”. I think the law ultimately reflects the will of the people, and they can decide for themselves the source of that will. In that sense there’s nothing in law that requires that people “should” invoke anything with uniformity. However, in the sense that on a personal level we should try to be consistent with our rational I agree. To that end, what I take from the OT law are the principles behind them. The context of a theocracy may not make sense to us, but God is not changing and those things He was trying to communicate to the Israelites are still important today. However, you have to be careful because there is a HUGE context here, including culture, history, and the specific part of God’s plan the Israelites played.

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Forgive me for repeating myself, but what underlying principles can be derived from the law banning two different kinds of crops side by side, or cloth from two different kinds of thread?
I regret not researching this further, but if the intent here was to emphasize the identity of the Israelites as set apart and special to God, the principle here would be for Christians to remember that we are to live not according to the principles of this world, but as a people set apart to a different standard.

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On the other extreme, how about enslaving neighboring nations? Does that mean that it is still OK for one nation to consider itself above the other?
This is getting into the “culture of the times stuff”. I have a lot to learn in that area, but I do know it was a barbaric time with nations routinely invading and enslaving one another. There’s a lot to be said here, but I don’t believe God was condoning slavery as an institution, but giving guidelines about how to work within the current culture. The “take away” principal here, I think, was not so much about the institution of slavery as holding to the identify of the Israelite nation as set apart for God (don’t enslave on another)/

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What about selling one's daughter?
The broader context of the passage cited here is about lessening the practice of slavery over that of the culture (slaves will be released after 6 years, etc.). God did give guidelines for dealing with the human institution of slavery (including selling your daughter into slavery), but usually these rules were more humanitarian (treat your slaves with respect, give them the choice of their freedom) than the practice of the day. The principle: treat one another with respect and mercy, even when the world has different standards.

In short, I don’t have all of the answers, nor can I attach a solid principle to every OT practice. One thing I can derive for sure is that I could never match up to God’s high standard and am in dire need of mercy. This is the overarching point of the OT law above all else, so while I can’t answer all of your (or my) questions, I feel like the biggest answer is clear to me in Jesus Christ.

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Again, I don't intend disrespect for your beliefs. I am genuinely puzzled, and you are one of very few persons who were willing and able to provide some insight into this, for me so strange, worldview.
I’d have never assumed you were being disrespectful. People often say this to me, and I’ve never understood why. It’s not offensive to expect me to answer questions about my faith. The bible commands in 1 Peter that I be prepared to do so. It is sad to me that Christians have earned the reputation of not being willing to discuss their beliefs openly, for that is pretty much one of our primary purposes on this earth: to reveal God and our beliefs about Him. I’m actually thrilled to answer any questions I can because it gives me that chance.
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-Jeff
Rome did not create a great empire by having meetings; they did it by killing all those who opposed them.